How BMI is calculated
BMI = 703 × weight (lb) ÷ height (in)²
Calcist converts US units to metric with the exact factors (1 lb = 0.45359237 kg, 1 in = 2.54 cm), which matches the 703 shortcut to within rounding.
Worked example
A person who is 5 ft 10 in (70 in, or 1.778 m) and weighs 160 lb (72.57 kg):
That falls in the 18.5–24.9 range. At that height, BMIs of 18.5 and 24.9 match weights of about 128.9 lb and 173.5 lb.
Adult BMI categories
| BMI | Category (CDC and WHO) |
|---|---|
| Below 18.5 | Underweight |
| 18.5 to 24.9 | Healthy weight |
| 25.0 to 29.9 | Overweight |
| 30.0 to 34.9 | Obesity, class 1 |
| 35.0 to 39.9 | Obesity, class 2 |
| 40.0 and above | Obesity, class 3 (severe) |
Calcist rounds BMI to one decimal and places it in the category for that rounded value, so the number and the category always agree.
BMI Prime
BMI Prime is your BMI divided by 25, the top of the healthy range. A value of 1.00 sits right at that upper limit. 0.92 means 8% below it, and 1.20 means 20% above it. It was proposed by Gadzik (2006) as an easier way to compare against the upper limit.
When BMI doesn't tell the whole story
- Muscle. BMI only uses height and weight. A muscular person can have a high BMI with little body fat. A body fat estimate can help.
- Age. Older adults tend to have more body fat than younger adults at the same BMI.
- Ethnicity. Health risks start at lower BMIs in some groups. A WHO expert panel noted this for Asian populations.
- Pregnancy. BMI isn't used to judge weight during pregnancy. Ask your prenatal care provider.
- Children and teens. The CDC reads BMI for ages 2 to 19 as a percentile for age and sex, not with the adult categories.
BMI is a screening number, not a diagnosis. A doctor looks at it alongside other measures, such as waist size, blood pressure and blood tests.
For anyone under 18, these calculators show a pointer to the CDC's BMI-for-age calculator and growth charts instead of adult results, because children and teens are still growing.
Sources
- CDC: Adult BMI categories
- WHO: Obesity and overweight fact sheet
- CDC: BMI calculator for children and teens (ages 2–19)
- WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004;363:157–163.
- Gadzik J. "How much should I weigh?" Quetelet's equation, upper weight limits, and BMI prime. Connecticut Medicine 2006;70(2):81–88.