How the conversion works
Target time = UTC time + the target zone's offset on that date
The offsets come from your browser's built-in copy of the IANA time zone database (through JavaScript's Intl API). It holds every zone's rules, including when daylight saving starts and ends, so a time in July uses summer time and a time in January doesn't. Nothing is looked up online.
Worked example
Noon on July 1, 2026 in New York is in Eastern Daylight Time, UTC−4, so it's 4:00 PM UTC. London is on British Summer Time, UTC+1, so the meeting is at 5:00 PM there. In January both cities are on standard time (UTC−5 and UTC+0) and the gap is still 5 hours, but for a few weeks in March and in late October/early November it's only 4, because the US and the UK change their clocks on different dates.
Times that happen twice, or not at all
- Spring forward: on March 8, 2026, US clocks jump from 2:00 AM to 3:00 AM, so 2:30 AM doesn't exist. It's read as 3:30 AM daylight time, an hour later.
- Fall back: on November 1, 2026, 1:00 to 2:00 AM happens twice. The calculator uses the first one (daylight time) and tells you.
US daylight saving time runs from the second Sunday in March to the first Sunday in November. Most of Arizona and all of Hawaii don't use it.
Limitations
- Future rule changes. Countries sometimes change their time zone or daylight saving rules with little notice. Results follow the rules your browser knows about, so keep it updated.
- Abbreviations are ambiguous. CST can mean US Central or China Standard Time, and IST can mean India, Israel or Irish time. Typed US abbreviations (EST, CST, MST, PST) are read as the US zones; for anywhere else, pick a city. An abbreviation is read as its region's zone, so PST typed for a July date gives Los Angeles on PDT (UTC−7), and the result points this out. Arizona doesn't use daylight saving: type Phoenix rather than MST.
- Historical dates before time zones were standardized (1883 in the US) use each city's local mean time from the database.
Sources
- IANA Time Zone Database (the zone names and daylight saving history browsers use)
- 15 U.S. Code § 260a (US daylight saving time: second Sunday in March to first Sunday in November)
- MDN: Intl.DateTimeFormat (the browser feature that applies the time zone rules)